Natural Disasters Debt Dynamics Tool: Integrating Climate Risk into Public Debt Sustainability
The increasing frequency and intensity of climate-related disasters has created new fiscal vulnerabilities for developing…
The Long-Term Budgetary Implications of Scaling Up Climate-Responsive Safety Nets Versus the Costs of Ad Hoc Disaster Relief in Pakistan
Pakistan, one of the most climate-vulnerable countries in the world, faces increasingly severe and frequent…
Quantifying Climate-Induced Fiscal Risks in Pakistan
An Economic Perspective on Q-Craft Tools 1. IntroductionClimate change has emerged as a systemic macro-fiscal…
DIGNAD MODEL of The IMF
Dr. Muhammad Shahid For many developing and emerging economies, public investment is both a promise…
The Uncomfortable Truth
COP30 is not merely to negotiate policies, but to confront a moral crisis, that the…
Policy Brief: Mainstreaming Climate Resilience into Pakistan’s Economic Planning
Executive SummaryPakistan suffers devastating impacts from climate change each year, with floods causing widespread damage…